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Dr Leigh F. Jones (MChem., PhD, MICI, MRSC)Director of the Molecular Magnetism Laboratory (MolMagLab)
Career Synopsis:
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My research is based in the field of Molecular Magnetism which details the design, synthesis and study of novel polynuclear paramagnetic materials whose properties are inherited from their parent mononuclear molecules and may be tuned by structural variation at the molecular level. More detailed descriptions of my research interests are documented below:
Supramolecular chemistry has rapidly become a vast and multidisciplinary field with applications including catalysis, anion sensing recognition, gas sequestration / storage and species transportation towards drug delivery, and consequently is of interest to scientists of wide ranging disciplines. One particularly interesting facet of supramolecular chemistry concerns the expression of high degrees of local and extended topological control onto a molecule (e.g. a host unit) in terms of its partaking in intermolecular interactions with other species (e.g. a guest molecule). This is achieved via careful structural manipulation of these molecules (and molecular assemblies) giving rise to complex molecular architectures possessing targeted synergic chemical and physical properties. Although supramolecular host-guest chemistry has been readily exhibited and widely reported with a vast array of organic receptor moieties, the engagement of magnetically interesting inorganic host units is still relatively rare and is one important facet to research in the Jones laboratory.
With this in mind we has recently reported the synthesis and characterization of a family of ferromagnetic planar disc [M7] (M = Ni2+, Zn2+) complexes which possess double-bowl metallocalix[6]arene topologies and themselves exhibit host-guest behaviour allowing direct comparison to supramolecular calix[n]arene behaviour. Each member exhibits a double-bowl pseudo metallocalix[6]arene topology whereby the individual [M7] units form molecular host cavities which are able to accommodate various guest molecules (MeCN, MeNO2 and MeOH).
Molecular structures of a typical host-guest [M7] complex (this is a [Zn7] analogue) viewed perpendicular and parallel to the [M7] plane respectively. Colour code: Zn = light blue, O =" " red, N = dark blue, C = silver.
(left) Crystal structure of a host [Zn7].2MeOH disc accommodating two methanol (MeOH) guest molecules (right) Space-fill representation of the unit cell in [Zn7].2MeOH.
An important subgroup of this large research field are Single-Molecular Magnets (SMMs) which are discrete polymetallic transition metal complexes and are distinguished by their ability to exhibit magnetic hysteresis of molecular origin (i.e. [Mn26] below). This barrier to magnetization reversal stems from possession of large ground spin states (S) and significant and negative magnetic anisotropy parameters (D). This discovery spawned a new and exciting area of research in the fields of information storage devices, quantum computing and more recently as potential molecular spintronic devices (i.e. molecular transisitors and switches) and as magnetic coolant materials (moleCOOLs) arising from Magnetic Caloric Effects (MCE).
Crystal strucuture of the [Mn26] Single-Molecule Magnet, the largest SMM reported on publication.
Magnetic refrigerants are complexes / materials capable of causing a significant decreasing in their temperature (mK) as a result of exposure to a large fluctuating magnetic field. Paramagnetic transition metal complexes which posses extremely large ground states (S) and negligible zero-field splitting parameters (D) may as a result exhibit the Magnetic Caloric Effect and are prime candidates for such coolants. Recent MCE studies on high-spin paramagnetic complexes ( i.e. [Fe14], below) show that they compete well with conventionally used low T magnetic refrigerant materials (i.e. Ln(III) complexes). The application and removal of a 7 T external magnetic field on a sample of [Fe14] (in an adiabatic bath) results in a remarkable 6 K – 70 mK temperature decrease and exhibits the largest MCE of any material under 10 K to date.
The highly symmetrical [Fe14] cluster with interesting coolant properties.
Although the ability of SMMs to exhibit molecular magnetic hysteresis is remarkable, this phenomenon currently only functions at temperatures approaching absolute zero. An alternative approach would be to utilise magnetic polymers, which have significantly higher operating temperatures, but lack the immediate possibility of miniaturisation to molecular scale. 1, 2 and 3-D coordination polymers (a.k.a: metal-organic frameworks, MOFs) comprise metal centres (nodes) linked into extended arrays through rigid organic linker ligands (Fig. below (top): a Co(II) 3-D network). Our current goal is to utilise highly paramagnetic polymetallic complexes (i.e. SMMs) as building blocks in the construction of pre-designed 2 and 3-D extended architectures in order to improve their function as potential magnetic materials (Fig. below (bottom): a 1-D chain of [Mn6] SMMs).
(Top) The2-D extended network [Co(dca)2(dbtp)] (where dbtp = 1,4-di(benzotriazol-1-yl)butane). (Bottom) Crystal structure of the 1-D chain of [Mn6] Single-Molecule Magnets.
The 1-D bimetallic [Na(BiphenH2)(EtOH)3][Mn(biphen)2(3-pic)2]n ionic chain held into an linear arrangements via strong H-bonds (as represented by dashed lines).
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